Your furniture sets the mood, tone and overall feel of your home, much the same way your wardrobe conveys this same information about you. Upholstered furniture is perhaps the most telling sign of these characteristics as the use of color, texture and design come into play more here than with any other type of furniture. Pieces that generally fall into the ‘upholstered’ category include chairs, couches, love seats, sectionals and sofa beds. While you won’t find any leather upholstered items on the GREENCulture furniture website, you will find a host of other options that may seem overwhelming. This multi-part guide is designed to make your decision less daunting by defining some technical terms and giving you some insight into what lies beneath the cloths and cushions. We’ll start with an overview of some of the more common types of fabric used for upholstered furniture.
WOVEN FABRIC COVERS
Woven fabric means simply that the fabric is woven by a machine that interlaces two yarns running at right angles to each other. The most widely used group of decorative upholsteries sold in the United States consists of woven fabrics. These woven fabrics can be natural, such as linen and cotton, or man-made fibers like polyester and olefin. In most cases, fabrics are blends of various fibers like the popular cotton-polyester blend. The most common types of weaves are as follows:
Jacquard weaves are fabrics with differently colored yarns or fibers woven into highly decorative designs. These weaves are most often found in traditional furniture styles.
Pile fabrics have loops or cut fibers standing up densely from the surface to form a three-dimensional texture. Depending on the color and design, pile fabrics can be appropriate for traditional or contemporary furniture.
Textured fabrics are woven from yarns that have been processed to give them more bulk, crimp, stretch, or an overall altered state. Chenille is an example of a popular textured weave. Textured fabrics are often woven to resemble antique, homespun cloth.
Plain-woven fabrics consist of one color with their character resulting from the type of yarn or fiber used. Depending on the texture, plain weaves can be used on formal or informal furniture and with a variety of styles.
Printed fabrics are first woven then printed with a decorative design. Chintz and polished cotton are examples of fabrics that are often used for prints, however, textured fabrics with blends of nylon, rayon, cotton, and polyester fibers are also often printed.
NON-WOVEN FABRIC COVERS
Non-woven fabrics are produced by the bonding and/or interlocking of fibers. These fabrics can be made by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent means, or with an adhesive, or any combination of these. Examples of non-woven fabrics include:
Vinyl, which may or may not be laminated to a fabric backing. Vinyls are preferred on furniture that is subject to hard usage. Also called Naugahyde, vinyl is often thought of as a substitute for leather and can be printed in a variety of patterns.
Flocked fabrics are made by gluing pieces of cut fibers onto a flat woven cloth base. These fibers form a three-dimensional surface much like pile. Flocked velvet is an example of this kind of fabric.
Knitted fabrics are made by interlooping one or more sets of yarns. This is a relatively inexpensive way of manufacturing fabric.
Suede-like fabrics, such as Ultrasuede are often used in decorative upholstered furniture covers to give the look and feel of genuine suede without using animal hides, and usually at less cost.
In Pt.2 we’ll look at the inner construction of upholstered furniture, so be on the look-out.